The Impact of Social Comparisons on Nonprofit Fundraising
نویسندگان
چکیده
Why individuals make charitable contributions and voluntarily provide public goods is an important question in modern society. Extensive research on voluntary contributions has been conducted by economists (Davis & Holt, 1993; Ledyard, 1995) and psychologists (Dawes, 1980). Many theories have been proposed to explain why individuals give (or cooperate) when it is in their own (financial) interest to free or cheap-ride. Explanations include altruism (e.g. Becker, 1974; Andreoni, 1988), warm-glow and warm-glow altruism (e.g. Andreoni, 1989, 1990), conditional cooperation (e.g. Fischbacher, Gachter, and Fehr, 2001), and reciprocity (e.g. Sugden, 1984). These motivations have been studied using experimental data from the lab and naturally-occurring (empirical) data. Only very recently, field experiments have been introduced as a research tool in studying public goods provision and charitable contributions in economics (e.g. List & Lucking-Reiley, 2002; Eckel & Grossman, 2003, and other articles in this volume). List and Lucking-Reiley study the effect of seed money and refunds in a university fund raising campaign. They find that increasing the proportion of seed money increases both
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تاریخ انتشار 2006